However, the limits in the utilization and translation of the physical and mechanical properties of fibers into yarns are strongly influenced by the system of manufacturing. We believe that by delineating the role played by the fiber/machine interactions in determining the characteristics of the final products, i.e. yarns that the U.S. textile industry will be able to better utilize the raw materials and improve the product quality. The proposed work in this project is concerned with the fundamental aspects of studying the factors that influence the yarn structure and consequently the properties of the resultant yarns spun with various spinning systems especially the air jet and rotor systems.
Spun yarns, especially the blends made from cotton and polyester are consumed in large quantities both by the weaving and knitting industry. The yarn structure has a very profound influence on the physical and mechanical properties of yarns and fabrics but also determines the processing efficiency during knitting and weaving. The introduction of tine synthetic fibers in the apparel and industrial yarns coupled with the high speed air jet spinning and weaving has created problems but at the same tile opportunities for the textile manufacturers in the U.S.
Since U.S. textile industry is the only country at the present that has any significant activity in the air jet spinning, consequently, a thorough understanding of the material and machine interaction can only help the U.S. industry compete with the imports. The emphasis in this project has been to understand the structure development in existing systems. The proposed work in this area will be concerned with studies on how twist flows in the twisting zone, modification of already twisted yarns to achieve higher strength in the air-jet yarns and high draft during spinning on the structure and properties of both cotton and blended yarns. Air jet spinning is the fastest system of producing staple yarns. Rotor spinning and ring spinning follow air jet in that order in terms of productivity of the systems. However, ring spun yarns are the strongest followed by rotor spun yarns and the air jet yarns are the weakest, provided all other factors are constant. The rotor and the air jet systems are amenable to automation and the yarns that can be produced on these systems cover a very wide range of yarn linear densities customarily produced in the U.S.
Process and better material utilization will enhance the capabilities of the textile industry. The product characteristics that meet the end use requirements will give the industry an added strength in meeting global competition. The information generated in this project will help the entire textile industry in improving the process of twisting in staple yarn spinning thus meeting the goals of National Textile Center.
